Analisis Yuridis terhadap Penegakan Hukum Anak yang Terlibat Sebagai Kurir Narkotika Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak: Studi Putusan Nomor 7/Pid.Sus-Anak/2019/PN.Sda

Abstract

Law enforcement against children involved in narcotics crimes presents complex juridical and social issues. Children often occupy a dual position as both perpetrators and victims of exploitation by narcotics networks. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System (SPPA) in cases involving children as drug couriers, with a focus on Decision No. 7/Pid.Sus-Anak/2019/PN.Sda. The research method employed is normative juridical with statute and case approaches. Data were obtained from primary legal materials in the form of legislation and court rulings, as well as secondary and tertiary sources from academic literature. The findings indicate that the SPPA emphasizes the principles of restorative justice and diversion, with imprisonment as a last resort (ultimum remedium). However, judicial practice still shows a strong repressive orientation, as reflected in the imposition of imprisonment on child defendants despite the availability of alternatives such as guidance, rehabilitation, or supervision. In the Sidoarjo case, the court sentenced the child to 1 year and 6 months in prison and 2 months of work training. Although normatively valid, the ruling did not fully reflect the best interests of the child, as diversion was not optimally pursued. This study concludes that the implementation of the SPPA in cases of children acting as narcotics couriers has not been fully consistent with the mandate of restorative justice. Therefore, greater consistency is required from law enforcement officers in prioritizing diversion, applying non-custodial measures, and strengthening rehabilitation and social reintegration programs. These efforts are expected to protect children’s rights, prevent recidivism, and strengthen the juvenile justice system in Indonesia.